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Ecclesiastes 1:1-3
New American Bible (Revised Edition)

Chapter 1

1 The words of David’s son, Qoheleth, king in Jerusalem:[a](A)

2 Vanity of vanities,[b] says Qoheleth,
    vanity of vanities! All things are vanity!(B)

Vanity of Human Toil

3 What profit have we from all the toil
    which we toil at under the sun?[c](C)

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Footnotes

  1. 1:1 David’s son…king in Jerusalem: the intent of the author is to identify himself with Solomon. This is a literary device, by which the author hopes to commend his work to the public under the name of Israel’s most famous sage (see 1 Kgs 5:9–14).
  2. 1:2 Vanity of vanities: a Hebrew superlative expressing the supreme degree of futility and emptiness.
  3. 1:3 Under the sun: used throughout this book to signify “on the earth.”
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Scripture texts, prefaces, introductions, footnotes and cross references used in this work are taken from the New American Bible, revised edition © 2010, 1991, 1986, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Inc., Washington, DC All Rights Reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.